1.22: Fermentation - Biology LibreTexts

Fermentation of a Variety of Carbohydrates. Bacteria, depending on the species, can ferment different carbohydrates. Although glycolysis (the pathway leading to fermentation) begins with glucose, some bacteria have the enzymes needed for additional chemical reactions to convert other monosaccharides (e.g. fructose and mannose) as well as disaccharides (e.g. lactose and sucrose) so they can

Escherichia coli: Properties and Identification • Microbe Online

Escherichia coli (abbreviated as E. coli) is a commensal (normal flora) in the gut of humans and warm-blooded animals.Most strains of E.coli are harmless, some even benefit the hosts by producing vitamin K in the gut.

Understanding the microbial fibre degrading communities

Jan 12, 2023 · The equine hindgut is a complex naturally occurring fermentation system of powerful lignocellulolytic microbes. ‘Fibre’ (complex plant polysaccharides) degradation is an essential process in equine digestion, allowing the liberation of vital energy sources.

Fermentative Foods: Microbiology, Biochemistry, Potential

Dec 31, 2020 · (Β) Controlled fermentation with starter cultures: A fermentation that starts with the addition of a suitable inoculation with a large population of the desired fermentation microorganisms, necessary when the raw material is pasteurized (e.g., pasteurized milk) or when it is difficult for the desired fermentation microorganisms to prevail over

Fermenter Design | SpringerLink

The fermenter design requires enhanced efficiency and authentication of the desired parameters with a high-quality product at a low cost. The fermenter’s strategy and mode of operation are focused on the output of microorganisms, the product’s cost, the condition required for the anticipated product development, and the scale of production.

How Does Hindgut Fermentation Work in the Horse? | Mad Barn

Jun 12, 2023 · Horses are single stomach (monogastric) herbivores that evolved to graze on fiber-rich roughage. Their unique digestive system consists of a foregut and hindgut, each with different functions for breaking down feed and absorbing nutrients. The stomach and small intestines, which make up the foregut, are responsible for digesting proteins, fats, and non-fibrous carbohydrates in the horse's diet

Fermentation | Microbiology

Several fermentation products are important commercially outside of the food industry. For example, chemical solvents such as acetone and butanol are produced during acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation. Complex organic pharmaceutical compounds used in antibiotics (e.g., penicillin), vaccines, and vitamins are produced through mixed acid

The equine gastro-intestinal tract: An overview of the

Feb 1, 2014 · Horse is a hindgut fermenter, i.e. most microbial activities take place in the large intestine which constitutes approximately 60 per cent of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). The feed reaches the large intestine after approximately 3 h and is fermented for 36–48 h in the caecum.

Why does my horse eat horse poo? - Thunderbrook Equestrian

May 17, 2019 · Horses are hindgut fermenters, relying on a massive fermentation vessel called the cecum (about two and a half black water buckets in size in a large horse) and this is full of microbes breaking down fibre, making vitamins, controlling the metabolism and innate immune system.

17.1D: Large-Scale Fermentations - Biology LibreTexts

Dec 24, 2022 · There are various types of fermentation which occur at the industrial level such as ethanol fermentation and fermentation processes used to produce food and wine. The ability to utilize the fermentation process in anaerobic conditions is critical to organisms which demand ATP production by glycolysis.

STOOL CULTURE TECHNIQUE - #1 Microbiology Resource Hub

The biochemical tests to perform may include: urease test, indole test, citrate test, and sugar fermentation test using triple sugar iron agar. Note: The type of biochemical test used depends on the suspect organisms present in the sample; and usually on the particulate organism(s) the researcher is looking for.

Cultures of Fermentation: Living with Microbes : An

Recent discoveries on the importance of microbes for human biology, health, and culture, the rise of antimicrobial resistance, and developing technological advancements necessitate new dialogues about human relationships with microbes. Long perceptible only through their transformations—from epidemic disease to alcoholic beverages—it is now possible to more fully perceive the diversity of

Fermentation - Definition, Types, Equation and Products | Biology

Oct 4, 2019 · The main function of fermentation is to convert NADH back into the coenzyme NAD + so that it can be used again for glycolysis. During fermentation, an organic electron acceptor (such as pyruvate or acetaldehyde) reacts with NADH to form NAD +, generating products such as carbon dioxide and ethanol (ethanol fermentation) or lactate (lactic acid fermentation) in the process.

What is Fermentor? Definition, History, Properties, Design

A Fermentor is a device used to accomplish the fermentation process by using microorganisms, and for this reason, it is also called “Biofermentor or Bioreactor“.It is equipped with all the elements that are necessary to carry out the commercial production of substances like antibiotics, enzymes, beverages etc. in many industries.

Design of a Fermenter - Microbe Notes

Aug 3, 2023 · Agitator (Impeller) The objectives of the impeller used in fermenters are bulk fluid and gas mixing, air dispersion, heat transfer, oxygen transfer, suspension of solid particles, maintain the uniform environment inside the vessel, etc. Air bubbles often cause problems inside the fermenter.